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2013년 4월 27일 토요일

태양계 주변: Around the Solar System

Around the Solar System

Robotic probes launched by NASA, the European Space Agency (ESA), and others are gathering information all across the solar system. We currently have spacecraft in orbit around the Sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, and Saturn, and two operational rovers on Mars. Several others are on their way to smaller bodies, and a few are heading out of the solar system entirely. Although the Space Shuttle no longer flies, astronauts are still at work aboard the International Space Station, performing experiments and sending back amazing photos. With all these eyes in the sky, I'd like to take another opportunity to put together a recent photo album of our solar system -- a set of family portraits, of sorts -- as seen by our astronauts and mechanical emissaries. This time, we have a great shot of comet Pan-STARRS between the Earth and Sun, some very sharp images from Mars rover Curiosity, a preview image of Comet ISON, potentially the "comet of the century", when it approaches in November, intriguing glimpses of Saturn and its moons, and, of course, lovely images of our home, planet Earth. 


Dozens of coronal loops gyrate above several active regions of the sun, as they were rotating into view on October 17, 2012. When viewed in extreme ultraviolet light, the dancing loops of competing and connecting magnetic field lines become visible. (NASA/SDO/GSFC) 

A prominence composed of solar plasma just behind the edge of the Sun, rose up and swirled around for many hours, then burst away into space over about a one-day period on November 19, 2012. Unseen magnetic fields, mostly above this area, are the driving forces behind the event. Events like this are fairly common, but when viewed in profile, it is easier to see the dynamics of the plasma more clearly.(NASA/SDO/GSFC) 

A mosaic of two images that were acquired as part of the Mercury Dual Imaging System (MDIS) limb imaging campaign on NASA's MESSENGER orbiter at Mercury. Once per week, MDIS captures images of Mercury's limb, with an emphasis on imaging the southern hemisphere limb. These limb images provide information about Mercury's shape and complement measurements of topography made by the Mercury Laser Altimeter of Mercury's northern hemisphere. Date acquired: October 23, 2012. (NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Carnegie Institution of Washington) 

Mercury's Kertesz crater and its extensive system of hollows, seen in this mosaic of three separate narrow-angle camera frames from NASA's MESSENGER orbiter. (NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Carnegie Institution of Washington) 

While the European Space Agency has one orbiter at Venus, it rarely sends back imagery. Reaching into the archives, this color-enhanced Venus mosaic was created from multiple orange and UV filter images taken by NASA's Mariner 10 spacecraft, on February 5, 1974.(NASA/JPL/Mattias Malmer) 

Comet Pan-STARRS, seen from the STEREO Behind spacecraft, on March 15, 2013. At right is the Earth, at left, a coronal mass ejection (CME) flying outward from the Sun. Following in Earth's orbit, the spacecraft is nearly opposite the Sun and looks back toward the comet and Earth, with the Sun just off the left side of the frame. The comet is in the foreground of this image. Objects that are too bright create the sharp vertical lines. The image reveals complex feather-like structures in Comet Pan-STARRS caused by dust particles. The ion tail is the thin one that's pointing almost radially away from the Sun. (NASA/ESA/SOHO) 

The moon, seen above Earth by astronaut Chris Hadfield of the Canadian Space Agency, aboard the International Space Station.(Reuters/CSA/Col. Chris Hadfield) 

An oblique view of the northern portion of the Gruithuisen Gamma volcanic dome, on Earth's moon, on October 28, 2012, viewed from NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. (NASA/GSFC/Arizona State University) 

A EUMETSAT weather satellite acquired this image of Earth on January 29, 2013. (NASA/EUMETSAT) 

Expedition 33 Flight Engineer Akihiko Hoshide takes a picture of his reflective helmet visor while participating in a 6-hour, 38-minute spacewalk outside the International Space Station, on November 1, 2012. Various parts of the space station and much of the blue and white Earth below are mirrored in his visor. During the spacewalk, Expedition 33 Commander Sunita Williams and Hoshide ventured outside the orbital outpost to perform work and to support ground-based troubleshooting of an ammonia leak. (NASA) 

An astronaut photograph showing parts of several cities in the Phoenix metro area, including Glendale and Peoria. While the major street grid is oriented north-south, the northwest-southeast oriented Grand Avenue cuts across it at image center. Photographed from the International Space Station on March 16, 2013. (NASA) 

Several tiny satellites are featured in this image photographed by an Expedition 33 crew member on the International Space Station, on October 4, 2012. The satellites were released outside the Kibo laboratory using a Small Satellite Orbital Deployer attached to the Japanese module's robotic arm on October 4, 2012. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency astronaut Aki Hoshide set up the satellite deployment gear inside the lab and placed it in the Kibo airlock. The Japanese robotic arm then grappled the deployment system and its satellites from the airlock for deployment. (NASA) 

Night time view of Auroras over North America in this October 8, 2012 satellite image. (NASA/Earth Observatory) 

The aurora borealis, or northern lights, fill the sky above a motorist stopped in a roadside scenic pullout in Kenai, Alaska, on March 17, 2013. (AP Photo/M. Scott Moon) 

When NASA's Aqua satellite passed over northern Quebec on November 25, 2012, winter snow and ice had transformed the pockmarked landscape of Ungava Peninsula into a seemingly endless expanse of white. However, two near-perfect circles remained stubbornly free of ice. Those ice-free areas are Pingualuit and Couture craters. Both craters were formed millions of years ago by meteorites striking the Earth's surface, and today they hold deep lakes. Couture is approximately 8 km (5 mi) wide and has a water depth of 150 m (490 ft). Pingualuit's lake is about 3 km (2 mi) across and has a depth of 246 m (807 ft). (NASA/Jeff Schmaltz, LANCE MODIS Rapid Response Team at NASA GSFC) 

Layers of atmosphere along Earth's limb and the exhaust trails from a Soyuz rocket that lifted off from Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on October 23, 2012. At the time, the ISS was passing over northeastern China, and the photographer was looking back to the west. The plumes bent and curled in different directions, most likely due to winds blowing in different directions as the spacecraft made its way both horizontally across the sky and vertically through several atmospheric layers. The Soyuz passed through the troposphere, the stratosphere, the mesosphere, and into the thermosphere. Rocket trails can last for minutes to hours and reside high enough in the atmosphere that they will often remain lit well after the Sun is below the horizon. (NASA) 

A small jet, silhouetted against the rising moon, on February 25, 2013, in the skies above Phoenix. (AP Photo/Charlie Riedel) 

A meteor streaked through the sky above Chelyabinsk, Russia, on February 15, 2013, captured in this image by resident M. Ahmetvaleev. The small asteroid was about 56 to 66 feet (17 to 20 meters) wide, and triggered multiple shockwaves that damaged buildings across a wide area and caused hundreds of injuries. (NASA/M. Ahmetvaleev) 

Comet Pan-STARRS and a 1-day waxing crescent Moon, setting in the Western sky on March 12, 2013. The dark side of the Moon is lit by reflected light from the Earth, called Earthshine. (AP Photo/Dr. Scott M. Lieberman) 

The Orbital Sciences Corporation Antares rocket launches from Pad-0A of the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport (MARS) at the NASA Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia, on April 21, 2013. The test launch marked the first flight of Antares and the first rocket launch from Pad-0A. The Antares rocket delivered the equivalent mass of a spacecraft, a so-called mass simulated payload, into Earth's orbit.(Reuters/Bill Ingalls/NASA) 

December 13, 2012 marked the 40th anniversary of Apollo 17, the last manned lunar trip. Here, in this photograph from the Apollo 17 spacecraft in lunar orbit in 1972, the crescent Earth rises above the lunar horizon. (Reuters/NASA) 

On Mars, a self-portrait of NASA's rover Curiosity, combining dozens of exposures taken by the rover's Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) during the 177th Martian day, or sol, is seen in this February 3, 2013 image. The rover is positioned at a patch of flat outcrop called "John Klein," which was selected as the site for the first rock-drilling activities by Curiosity. (Reuters/NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS) 

Curiosity rover on Mars, seen from above by the HiRise camera on board NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. This image shows the entire distance traveled from the landing site (dark smudge at left) to its location as of January 2,2013 (the rover is bright feature at right). The tracks are not seen where the rover has recently driven over the lighter-toned surface. (NASA/JPL/University of Arizona) 

This mosaic of images from the Mast Camera (Mastcam) on NASA's Mars rover Curiosity shows Mount Sharp in a white-balanced color adjustment that makes the sky look overly blue but shows the terrain as if under Earth-like lighting. Mount Sharp, also called Aeolis Mons, is a layered mound in the center of Mars' Gale Crater, rising more than 3 miles (5 kilometers) above the crater floor, where Curiosity has been working since the rover's landing in August 2012. Lower slopes of Mount Sharp are the major destination for the mission, though the rover will first spend many more weeks around a location called "Yellowknife Bay," where it has found evidence of a past environment favorable for microbial life. Images gathered on September 20, 2012. (NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS) 

A fresh drill hole, center, made by the Curiosity rover on Mars, on February 8, 2013 next to an earlier test hole. Curiosity has completed its first drill into a Martian rock, a huge milestone since landing in an ancient crater in August 2012. (AP Photo/NASA) 

This sequence of seven images from the HiRise camera on NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter shows wind-caused changes in the parachute of NASA's Mars Science Laboratory spacecraft as the chute lay on the Martian ground during months after its use in safe landing of the Curiosity rover. The parachute canopy is the bright shape in the lower half of each image. Suspension lines still attach it to the spacecraft's back shell, which is the bright shape in the upper half of each image. The length of the parachute, including the lines, is about 165 feet (50 meters). (NASA/JPL-Caltech/Univ. of Arizona) 

A Martian eclipse from the past. The larger of the two moons of Mars, Phobos, transits (passes in front of) the sun in this image from the panoramic camera (Pancam) on NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity taken on the rover's 2,415th Martian day, or sol November 9, 2010. (NASA/JPL-Caltech/Cornell/Texas A&M) 

A radar data image of asteroid Toutatis, generated with data collected using NASA's 230-foot-wide (70-meter) Deep Space Network antenna at Goldstone, California, on December 12, 2012. On December 12, the day of its closest approach to Earth, Toutatis was about 18 lunar distances, 4.3 million miles (6.9 million km) from Earth. The radar data images indicate that it is an elongated, irregularly shaped object with ridges and perhaps craters. Along with shape detail, scientists are also seeing some interesting bright glints that could be surface boulders. The asteroid rotates about its long axis every 5.4 days and precesses (changes the orientation of its rotational axis) like a wobbling, badly thrown football, every 7.4 days. (NASA/JPL-Caltech) 

This image provided by NASA shows long, narrow gullies along the walls of a crater on the giant asteroid Vesta taken by the NASA Dawn spacecraft. Scientists are unclear how these gullies formed and work is underway to determine their origin. (AP Photo/NASA) 

Comet ISON photographed by the Hubble telescope on April 10, 2013, when the comet was slightly closer than Jupiter's orbit at a distance of 386 million miles from the Sun (394 million miles from Earth). Comet ISON is potentially the "comet of the century" because around the time the comet makes its closest approach to the Sun, on November 28, it may briefly become brighter than the full Moon according to NASA. (Reuters/NASA Hubble telescope) 

Jupiter has been suffering more impacts over the last four years than ever previously observed, including this meteoroid impact on September 10, 2012. The left-hand image was taken from a red-filtered video by amateur astronomer George Hall of Dallas, Texas, on September 10 and processed by Ricardo Hueso (University of the Basque Country, Bilbao, Spain). The right-hand image is an infrared image from NASA's Infrared Telescope Facility on Mauna Kea, Hawaii, taken on September 11. Scientists compare the visible-light images to the infrared images to learn about the fireball's disruption of the Jovian atmosphere. In this case, the infrared view reveals no long-term disturbance. Scientists think the fireball was caused by an object less than 45 feet (15 meters) in diameter. (NASA/IRTF/JPL-Caltech/G. Hall/University of the Basque Country) 

Dawn on Saturn is greeted across the vastness of interplanetary space by the morning star, Venus, in this image from NASA's Cassini spacecraft. Venus appears just off the edge of the planet, in the upper part of the image, directly above the white streak of Saturn's G ring. Lower down, Saturn's E ring makes an appearance, looking blue thanks to the scattering properties of the dust that comprises the ring. A bright spot near the E ring is a distant star. (NASA/JPL-Caltech/Space Science Institute) 

NASA's Cassini orbiter spies Titan's south polar vortex from below the moon in this September 13, 2012 image, while in orbit around Saturn. Imaging scientists are monitoring the vortex to study its seasonal development. (NASA/JPL-Caltech/Space Science Institute) 

Roiling storm clouds and a swirling vortex at the center of Saturn's famed north polar hexagon, in a close-up image from NASA's Cassini mission, on November 27, 2012. The camera was pointing toward Saturn from approximately 224,618 miles (361,488 kilometers) away.(Reuters/NASA/JPL-Caltech/Space Science Institute) 

NASA's Cassini spacecraft has delivered this view of Saturn, taken while the spacecraft was in Saturn's shadow, on December 18, 2012. The cameras were turned toward Saturn and the sun so that the planet and rings were backlit. This special, very-high-phase viewing geometry lets scientists study ring and atmosphere phenomena not easily seen at a lower phase. (AP Photo/NASA) 

2013년 4월 26일 금요일

2013년 소니 사진전 수상작: Winners of the 2013 Sony World Photography Awards

Winners of the 2013 Sony World Photography Awards


The winners of the 2013 Sony World Photography Awards have just been announced. Norwegian photographer Andrea Gjestvang was announced as the Photographer of the Year, for her series of portraits of children and youths who survived the July 2011 massacre on the island of Utoeya, outside Oslo. This year's contest attracted more than 122,000 entries from 170 countries. The photographs were judged in six different competition categories, including Professional, Open, and Student Focus. The organizers have been kind enough to share some of their winning images with In Focus, gathered below. See also the shortlist of winners, earlier on In Focus. 



A portrait by Andrea Gjestvang, named Photographer of the Year in the 2013 Sony World Photography Awards. The photograph comes from a project called "One day in history" - Portraits of children and youths who survived the massacre on the island of Utoeya outside Oslo (NO) on 22nd of July 2011. "I bear my scars with dignity, because I got them standing for something I believe in," says Ylva Schwenke (15). Ylva from Tromso, hid by a path called "The love path". She was shot in the shoulder, her stomach and in both of her thighs.(© Andrea Gjestvang/2013 Sony World Photography Awards)

Winner, Professional, People category. One day in history - Portraits of children and youths who survived the massacre on the island of Utoeya outside Oslo (NO) on 22nd of July 2011. "In the period after Utoeya I had a really hard time sleeping. I was afraid of the dark and suffered from dreadful nightmares. My mom and I decided that getting a dog might help me, so I got Athene. Now she sleeps on my stomach every night." Iselin Rose Borch (15) from Grong was hiding behind a rock by the pump house on the island. She was rescued by tourists in a boat. (© Andrea Gjestvang/2013 Sony World Photography Awards) 

Winner, Professional Sports. Olympic journey 2012 - A series of sports imagery from Olympic qualifying events and Olympic sports competition during the London 2012 Olympic Games. Melissa Wu of Australia practices during a diving training session ahead of the London Olympic Games at the Aquatics Center in Olympic Park on July 25, 2012 in London, England.(Adam Pretty/Getty Images/2013 Sony World Photography Awards) 

Winner, Professional Sports. Olympic journey 2012 - A series of sports imagery from Olympic qualifying events and Olympic sports competition during the London 2012 Olympic Games. Usain Bolt of Jamaica races ahead of Ryan Bailey of the United States, Yohan Blake of Jamaica, Justin Gatlin of the United States and Tyson Gay of the United States to win the Men's 100m Final on Day 9 of the London 2012 Olympic Games at the Olympic Stadium on August 5, 2012 in London, England.(Adam Pretty/Getty Images/2013 Sony World Photography Awards) 

Youth Photographer of the Year - Traditions. New Year's eve traditions in Romania.(© Alecsandra Dragoi/2013 Sony World Photography Awards) 

Winner, Professional Portraiture: Six Degrees of Copenhagen - Based on the idea that every person on Earth is connected in the sixth degree, this series of photos depicts human connections through the city of Copenhagen. The set up is that I portray random people that I engage with in the streets, and that these chance meetings end up with me taking highly personal photos of these people, who then each send me on to another person in their network, who I can portray, who then gives me the name of another person. Anonymous woman. (© Jens Juul/2013 Sony World Photography Awards) 

Winner, Professional Portraiture: Six Degrees of Copenhagen. Anonymous man. (© Jens Juul/2013 Sony World Photography Awards) 

Winner, Professional Current Affairs: Personality and society. Reality vs illusions - In 2012, the people of North Korea celebrated the centennial birthday of the founder of their state, Kim Il Sung. Kim Jong Il, who had continued the policy of his father for many years, passed away in 2011. Because of the policies of Kim Jong Il, North Korea remained the most closed country for many years. There has never been any complete and reliable information about developments in North Korea. Here, school students and a soldier at an official ceremony unveiling a monument to Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il. (© Ilya Pitalev/2013 Sony World Photography Awards) 

Winner, Professional Current Affairs: Personality and society. Reality vs illusions. North Korean Army soldiers and civilians on the stand of the Kim Il Sung Stadium. (© Ilya Pitalev/2013 Sony World Photography Awards) 

Winner, Professional Landscape. A Portrait of the Matterhorn. When I was young, I had long fantasized about climbing the Matterhorn but I never really had the chance. The Matterhorn was the last great Alpine peak to be conquered and its first ascent in 1865 marked the end of the golden age of alpinism. Its North Face, which is on all images, is amongst the "Three Great Problems" in the Alps and was not climbed until 1931. I have been around Zermatt countless times, the village nestled at the foot of the Matterhorn, looking toward the mountains and trying to capture the exquisiteness of this magical peak and its endless state of change; to compress the passing of time the beauty of the wind and the clouds dancing around the mountain. This portfolio is a kind of memento to all climbers who dared to go there and for those who never returned. Night Clouds #3, 07 Jan 2012 - 3:17 AM - Matterhorn at full moon.(© Nenad Saljic/2013 Sony World Photography Awards) 

Winner, Professional Arts & Culture. The Limousine - A luxury emblem used to transport politicians and rock stars in the '80s, nowadays the limousine has turned into an icon of Argentinean popular culture. Brides in their white dresses, television starlets, fifteen year old girls celebrating their birthdays: they all share the same sensation of sitting one night in an electric blue Ford Fairlane from 1972. "The limousine" explores a limited space in which many diverse things can happen. Between drunken stripteases, tears, and laughter, the limousine is transformed into a scenario of ordinary people that use the dark tinted windows to release their fantasies and their transgressions, under the curiosity of passersby. The twins Laura and Bela on the day of their fifteenth birthday celebration. In Latin America, the quinceanera - celebration of the fifteenth birthday - is very important because it marks the transition from childhood to maturity. (© Myriam Meloni/2013 Sony World Photography Awards) 

Winner, Professional Campaign. Honkey Kong - an advertising campaign for the sneaker brand Jim Rickey, shot on location in Hong Kong. A 2d platform game tribute. Images were shot from skyscrapers toward the ground, using a telephoto lens to make the image as flat as possible to make it look like a platform game. (© Christian Aslund/2013 Sony World Photography Awards) 

Winner, Professional Contemporary Issues. Prisons of South America - "I spent 10 years traveling to South American jails, a different and complex world in which violence and abuse are part of convict's life. I saw, during the time, how the convicts try to find a space similar to that one they had outside jails. They try to preserve their dignity. The history of this work is not to denounce the situation in jails but to discover and tell what joins and what separates the South American countries." Here, a close-up of prisoners' eyes in one of the most violent prisons near Caracas, Venezuela, where many are armed. (© Valerio Bispuri/2013 Sony World Photography Awards) 

Winner, Professional Contemporary Issues. Prisons of South America. Prison inmates in Santiago, Chile.(© Valerio Bispuri/2013 Sony World Photography Awards) 

Winner, Professional Fashion & Beauty. i-D Iceland - The story was photographed in the remote east coast of Iceland, on and around the glacier lake of Vatnajokull named Jokulsarlon. This shot was taken on the slowly moving edges of a glacier.(© Klaus Thymann/2013 Sony World Photography Awards) 

Winner, Professional Lifestyle. Summer family - the images show the photographer's family on a seaside holiday in Liguria in the summer of 2012. (© Alice Caputo/2013 Sony World Photography Awards) 

Student Focus Photographer of the Year. (© Natalia Wiernik/2013 Sony World Photography Awards) 

Winner, Professional Travel. Journey to Jerusalem of Africa-Lalibela, Ethiopia - Every year, just before Christmas day.thousands of pious Christian orthodox worshipers make a pilgrimage to Lalibela, a small town in Ethiopia's highlands, known as Jerusalem of Africa. Lalibela is famous for its 13th century monolithic churches, carved out of the living rock and one of the world's great wonders. Here, an infertile woman is baptized by priests; according to faith the water has fertility powers that will allow her to conceive.(© Gali Tibbon/2013 Sony World Photography Awards) 

Winner, Professional Travel. Journey to Jerusalem of Africa-Lalibela, Ethiopia. A ray of light penetrates into the church from a cross shaped window as a pilgrim walks by. (© Gali Tibbon/2013 Sony World Photography Awards) 

Open Photographer of the Year, Enhanced category. Storm - This girl stands firm in the storm. When confronting challenges, she will never give up. (© Hoang Hiep Nguyen/2013 Sony World Photography Awards)